Lap Pets: Airline Rules

Travelling with pets can be a stressful and complicated process. Many pet owners wonder if their furry friends can sit on their laps during a flight. While some airlines allow small dogs to fly in the cabin with their owners, others require that they stay in their pet carriers under the seat in front. This is the case with Air Canada, American Airlines, Southwest, United and West Jet. However, there are airlines that only state that dogs must remain in their carriers during taxi, takeoff and landing, without specifying that they cannot be held on the lap for the remainder of the flight. These include JetBlue, Alaska Airlines, and Etihad Airways.

Before considering whether a dog can sit on your lap during a flight, it is essential to understand the regulations set by the airline and aviation authorities. Most airlines allow small pets in the cabin under certain conditions, such as weight and health requirements. Additionally, some airlines may have restrictions on specific dog breeds, such as pit bulls or brachycephalic dogs with short noses, due to potential breathing issues.

It is important to note that even if a dog meets the requirements for cabin travel, they must remain in their carrier for the entire flight. Taking them out for snuggles or placing the carrier on your lap is usually not allowed. However, there are a small number of airlines that allow passengers to purchase an extra seat for their pet.

Airline-specific pet policies

Every airline has different rules about transporting pets, so it's important to check the policies of your chosen airline before booking. Here are the pet policies of some major airlines:

• American Airlines allows small dogs and cats to travel as carry-on luggage if they meet the size, age, and destination requirements. They must remain in their pet carriers under the seat for the entire flight. American Airlines also offers cargo transport for pets, with specific requirements for kennels.
• Delta Air Lines allows small dogs, cats, and household birds to travel in the cabin for a one-way fee. Pets must be at least 8 weeks old for domestic travel and meet other age requirements for international travel. They must be able to fit in a soft-sided ventilated pet kennel that goes under the seat in front of you. Delta has specific seating restrictions for passengers travelling with pets and recommends a soft-sided kennel with maximum dimensions of 18" x 11" x 11".
• Air Canada allows small dogs to fly in the cabin but requires them to stay in their pet carriers under the seat for the entire flight.
• Southwest allows small dogs and cats to travel in the cabin but requires them to be secured in their pet carriers at all times. Failure to comply may result in denial of transportation.
• United allows small dogs in the cabin but requires them to remain in their carriers under the seat. They do not permit any pit bull-type dogs in their cabins.
• West Jet allows small dogs and emotional support animals in the cabin but requires them to remain in their carriers under the seat. West Jet states that emotional support dogs weighing less than 3kg may sit on your lap.
• Allegiant allows pets in the cabin but requires them to remain in their carriers at all times, including during taxi, takeoff, and landing.
• Lufthansa requires two copies of fully completed and signed forms at the check-in counter for pets travelling in the cabin. They provide a soft-sided carrier for the pet, which must be stowed under the front seat or secured to your seatbelt.
• JetBlue allows small dogs and emotional support animals in the cabin and permits passengers to hold the carrier on their lap during the flight.
• Alaska Air allows small dogs and puppies over 8 weeks old and fully weaned to travel in the cabin.

It's important to note that regulations and guidelines vary among airlines, and some may have additional requirements such as health certificates, microchipping, and specific carrier types. Fees for transporting pets can also vary significantly, so it's essential to check with your chosen airline before booking your trip.

Preparing your pet for air travel

Research and Planning:

• Research the requirements of your destination country for pet imports. This includes inquiring about import permits, microchips, vaccinations, blood titer tests, parasite requirements, and potential quarantine arrangements.
• Check the policies of your chosen airline regarding pet travel. Understand the specific regulations, fees, and restrictions associated with transporting your pet.
• If possible, opt for direct flights to avoid complications during transfers.
• Choose flights that accommodate temperature extremes, especially during summer and winter months. Early morning or late evening flights are preferable in summer, while afternoon flights are better in winter.
• If your pet is flying in the cabin, contact the airline well in advance to reserve a spot, as there are usually limits to the number of animals allowed.
• Research pet-friendly hotels and services at your destination, including nearby animal hospitals and parks.

Pet Carrier or Crate:

• Obtain an airline-approved pet carrier or crate that meets the size and weight requirements specified by the airline. Ensure it has adequate ventilation and a waterproof bottom.
• Get your pet accustomed to their carrier by placing familiar items inside and encouraging them to rest and nap in it. Leave the door open so they can move in and out freely.
• Take your pet for drives or walks to enjoyable places while they are in their carrier to create positive associations.
• For larger pets or those traveling in the cargo hold, ensure the crate meets IATA requirements, including a spring lock and other specified features.

Veterinary Care:

• Schedule a visit to your veterinarian to obtain the necessary health certificates and ensure your pet is fit to travel.
• Have your pet microchipped if necessary, and verify that their rabies vaccination is up to date.
• Discuss any additional tests or treatments that may be required, such as titer tests.

Pet Comfort and Behavior:

• Spend time training your pet to be well-behaved and obedient to commands. This is crucial for a calm travel experience and may be required by some airlines.
• Exhaust your pet before the flight by increasing their activity level, so they are more likely to rest during the journey.
• Limit their access to food and water before the flight to minimize the need for defecation or urination. However, ensure they are well-hydrated, and consider giving small amounts of water or ice cubes.
• If your pet is not used to traveling, gradually introduce them to their carrier or crate to reduce stress and create positive associations.
• Bring along your pet's favorite toys, treats, and familiar items to provide comfort during the journey.

Travel Documentation:

• Ensure you have all the necessary travel documentation, including health certificates, rabies vaccination certificates (if required), and import permits.
• Attach clear and accessible labels to the pet carrier or crate, indicating "Live Animal," upright arrow labels, and your contact information.
• Include a plastic pouch on the outside of the carrier with essential travel documents, such as feeding and watering instructions, health certificates, owner information, and routing information.

Remember to always prioritize your pet's health and safety, and consider all the risks associated with air travel. By following these comprehensive preparation steps, you can help ensure your pet has a comfortable and stress-free journey.

Health and vaccination requirements

When flying with a pet, it is important to be aware of the health and vaccination requirements. These can vary depending on the airline, destination, and type of pet, so it is always best to check with the specific airline and destination country beforehand. Here are some general guidelines and considerations to keep in mind:

Health Requirements:

• Health Certificate: Many airlines and countries require a health certificate for pets, typically issued by an authorised veterinarian within 10 days of travel. This certificate confirms that your pet is healthy and fit to fly.
• Rabies Vaccination: All dogs travelling to the United States, including service dogs, must meet government regulations on vaccinations. Some states may have specific vaccination requirements, so it is important to check with the destination state's health department. Additionally, the CDC has temporarily suspended the importation of dogs from countries considered high-risk for dog rabies.
• Microchip: Some airlines and countries may require your pet to have a microchip for identification purposes. This is especially important when travelling internationally and returning to the United States.
• Age and Weaning: The USDA requires that your pet be at least eight weeks old and fully weaned before travelling.
• Breed Restrictions: Certain airlines and states may restrict specific breeds. For example, United Airlines does not permit pit bull-type dogs in their cabins.
• Health and Behaviour: Airlines will generally not transport animals that are violent, ill, or in physical distress. Your pet must be well-behaved and obedient to commands.

Vaccination Requirements:

• Rabies Vaccination: As mentioned earlier, rabies vaccination is a crucial requirement for travelling with pets, especially when entering the United States.
• Other Vaccinations: In addition to rabies, your pet may need to meet specific vaccination requirements for the destination country. It is important to consult with your veterinarian and research the requirements for your specific destination.
• Health Certificate: While not always a vaccination requirement, a health certificate issued by a licensed veterinarian is often needed to confirm that your pet is up to date on all necessary vaccinations.

It is essential to plan ahead and consult with your veterinarian to ensure your pet meets all the necessary health and vaccination requirements for air travel. Each airline and destination may have slightly different policies, so thorough research is crucial to ensure a smooth travel experience with your furry companion.

Choosing the right pet carrier

When choosing the right pet carrier for air travel, there are several factors to consider to ensure your pet's comfort and safety. Here are some guidelines to help you select the best carrier for your furry friend:

Size and Weight:

• The size of the carrier is crucial. It should be large enough for your pet to stand up, turn around, and lie down comfortably. Check the specific size and weight restrictions of your chosen airline, as they may vary.
• For in-cabin pets, most airlines require the carrier to fit under the seat in front of you. Soft-sided carriers are often more flexible and may have larger dimensions than hard-sided carriers.
• If your pet exceeds the size or weight limit for in-cabin travel, you may need to consider transporting them in the cargo hold, which requires a hard-sided carrier.

Ventilation and Comfort:

• Ensure the carrier has adequate ventilation, typically on at least three sides. This is crucial for your pet's comfort and well-being.
• Look for features that enhance your pet's comfort, such as breathable mesh sides, supportive and soft bottoms, and calming privacy panels or flaps.
• Some carriers have expandable sides, providing extra room for your pet during layovers or when waiting at the gate.

Ease of Cleaning:

• Opt for a carrier that is made of waterproof or water-resistant materials, as accidents can happen during travel.
• A removable and washable lining or bed can make cleaning more convenient.

Portability and Convenience:

• Consider carriers with features that make transportation easier, such as trolley sleeves, shoulder straps, or handles.
• Multiple pockets or storage compartments can be useful for storing treats, water, and other essentials for your pet, as well as your own belongings.
• If you plan to carry the carrier for extended periods, look for padded handles or straps to prevent discomfort.

Durability and Safety:

• Choose a carrier made of durable materials that can withstand the rigours of travel.
• For cargo travel, select a hard-sided carrier that meets the U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS) specifications.
• Ensure the carrier has secure latches or zippers to prevent accidental openings during transit.
• If your pet is anxious or prone to escaping, consider a carrier with stronger locks or privacy panels.

Acclimation:

• Before your trip, introduce your pet to the carrier and allow them to get comfortable with it. Place it in a familiar location, and let them explore and sleep in it.
• Take your pet on short rides in the car inside the carrier to help them get used to it.

Remember, the well-being of your pet is paramount. By choosing the right carrier and following the necessary acclimation steps, you can ensure a safe and comfortable journey for both you and your furry companion.

Pros and cons of flying with your pet

Flying with your pet can be a stressful experience for both you and your furry friend, and it's important to weigh up the pros and cons before making a decision. Here are some key points to consider:

Pros of Flying with Your Pet:

• Togetherness: Your pet can travel in the cabin or cargo hold on the same aircraft as you, minimizing separation anxiety.
• Faster transit: Air travel is often significantly faster than ground transport, especially over long distances.
• More direct: Flights usually provide a more direct route compared to meandering over land, reducing the chance of major detours or delays.
• Lower risk: With no stops, there is a lower likelihood of complications arising during travel compared to ground transport.
• Specialised services: Some airlines offer specialised services for travelling pets, such as designated areas in the cabin to ensure their comfort and safety.

Cons of Flying with Your Pet:

• Stressful cargo hold: Pets in the cargo hold experience loud noises, unfamiliar smells, and significant turbulence, which can be traumatic.
• Limited monitoring: You cannot easily check on your pet, provide reassurance, or attend to their needs during the flight.
• Strict regulations: Airlines have stringent rules for pet crates, documentation, transitions, etc. Failing to comply can result in your pet being unable to travel.
• Higher cost: After fees for cargo/cabin pet accommodation, paperwork, crating, etc., air travel costs can be significantly higher than other transport methods.
• Airport difficulties: Managing your pet and baggage through busy airports can be extremely challenging and stressful.
• Breed restrictions: Certain breeds may not be allowed to fly at all, or may be restricted to the cargo hold, due to potential health risks associated with specific breeds.
• Health risks: Flying can pose health risks for your pet, especially for animals with breathing issues or "pushed-in" faces, such as bulldogs and pugs.
• Limited space: Your pet must remain in their carrier for the duration of the flight, with limited space to move around.
• Sedation concerns: There are health risks associated with sedating your pet for the flight, and some airlines prohibit this practice or require a veterinarian's note.

Frequently asked questions