Traveling Domestically By Train: Foreign Passport Requirements

Travelling by train is a convenient way to get around, especially for those without a driver's license.United States, for example, some sources indicate that no identification is required for domestic train travel, while others suggest carrying a valid photo ID as immigration checks have been known to occur on trains. A foreign passport is generally accepted as a valid form of identification for domestic air travel in the US, but it is unclear if this extends to domestic train travel. It is always a good idea to carry some form of identification when travelling, and a foreign passport is usually a safe option.

Flying domestically without a passport

As of 2024, you do not need a passport to fly domestically within the US. However, you will need a REAL ID-compliant form of identification. This includes a REAL ID-compliant driver's license, which can be identified by a star in the upper right-hand corner.

From May 7, 2025, all US travelers must meet the REAL ID requirements to board domestic flights. This applies to all 50 states and territories, including Guam, the US Virgin Islands, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.

If you do not have a REAL ID-compliant ID, you can use a valid passport, a US military ID, or a federal government PIV card for domestic travel. A foreign government-issued passport is also accepted.

Without a passport, REAL ID-compliant card, or any other accepted forms of identification, you will not be allowed through TSA checkpoints, and you will not be able to fly within the US.

It is important to note that children under 18 are not expected to provide identification when traveling domestically.

Identification for domestic train travel

When travelling by train within the US, you may not need to show any identification. However, it is a good idea to carry some form of ID with you. If you are an undocumented immigrant, you may be asked for identification by immigration officials, and you are likely to be questioned further if you show a foreign passport. Therefore, it is recommended that you carry a US-issued ID, such as a driver's license, which will reduce the likelihood of additional questions.

If you are travelling by air within the US, you will need to show valid identification at the airport checkpoint. A foreign passport is accepted as a valid ID by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA). However, please note that the TSA website states that it currently accepts expired IDs for up to a year after their expiration date. From May 7, 2025, you will need to ensure that your ID is REAL ID-compliant.

Other forms of acceptable identification at TSA checkpoints include:

• Driver's licenses or other state photo identity cards issued by the Department of Motor Vehicles (or equivalent)
• DHS trusted traveller cards (Global Entry, NEXUS, SENTRI, FAST)
• A permanent resident card
• Border crossing card
• A photo ID issued by a federally recognised Tribal Nation/Indian Tribe, including Enhanced Tribal Cards (ETCs)
• Canadian provincial driver's license or Indian and Northern Affairs Canada card
• Transportation worker identification credential
• U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services Employment Authorization Card (I-766)
• U.S. Merchant Mariner Credential
• Veteran Health Identification Card (VHIC)

Children under 18 are not required to provide identification when travelling within the US, but it is recommended that you contact the airline for specific ID requirements.

Foreign passports and heightened security

In the United States, for instance, domestic travellers are not required to present identification when using local subways or travelling within metropolitan areas. However, for longer journeys beyond city limits, such as on Amtrak, individuals are mandated to carry a valid photo ID. This requirement is also applicable to bus travel, where a valid photo ID is necessary for journeys beyond a metropolitan area, as seen with companies like Greyhound.

Heightened security measures often come into play during times of increased alert, such as after a terrorist attack. For example, following the Jolo church bombing in January 2019, the Philippines' Bureau of Immigration declared a "heightened alert" against foreign terrorists. During such times, immigration officers may become stricter in checking documents, scrutinising passenger profiles, and assessing foreign passengers more rigorously. This can include double-checking the biometrics of foreign travellers and instructing officers to deny entry to individuals who cannot clearly explain their purpose for visiting the country.

It's important to note that these heightened security protocols are not limited to foreign travellers. Domestic travellers may also experience additional screening procedures, such as enhanced checks of personal electronic devices and increased security protocols in passenger areas. These measures are implemented to ensure the safety and security of all individuals, regardless of their nationality or travel destination.

In conclusion, when travelling domestically by train with a foreign passport, it's advisable to carry a valid passport or alternative form of identification. While specific requirements may vary by country and transportation company, heightened security measures can be expected during certain periods, impacting both foreign and domestic travellers alike. Staying informed about the latest security protocols and cooperating with authorities is essential for a smooth travel experience.

US-issued ID cards

US citizens do not need any ID to travel by air domestically, but those without ID will have to go through a tedious questioning process, so it is recommended that they arrive at the airport a few hours early.

Immigration officials and foreign passports

When travelling by train within the US, you are not required to carry any identification documents. However, it is always recommended to carry a valid photo ID, such as a foreign passport, as there have been instances of immigration checks on buses and trains by Border Patrol agents. Although Customs Border Patrol (CBP) has stated that its agents are prohibited from boarding public transport and questioning passengers without warrants or consent from the company, it is within your rights to refuse to answer questions about your citizenship or immigration status without a lawyer.

If you are travelling by air within the US, you must present a valid government-issued ID, such as a foreign passport, at the airport checkpoint. This is a requirement for all adult passengers aged 18 and over. A foreign passport is also accepted as a REAL ID for domestic flights, which will be enforced from May 7, 2025.

It is important to note that undocumented immigrants can be detained at any time and for almost any reason, especially in areas with heightened security risks like airports. If you are in removal proceedings, you can still travel within the US, but you must produce your Notice to Appear (Form I-862) and your ID, even a foreign passport. If you are stopped by immigration officials, you are not obligated to answer their questions beyond providing your identification. You have the right to remain silent and to refuse a search of your belongings.

Frequently asked questions