Chile Travel Warning: State Department Advises Santiago Avoidance

The U.S. Department of State currently advises citizens to exercise increased caution in Chile due to crime and civil unrest. This includes large-scale demonstrations that occur with little or no notice in cities like Santiago and Valparaiso, which can cause disruptions to transportation. The State Department also warns of street crime, such as muggings, pickpocketing, theft, and increasing rates of violent crime. Therefore, it is recommended to be vigilant and follow local authorities' instructions when travelling to Santiago, Chile.

Crime and civil unrest in Chile

Crime and civil unrest have been ongoing issues in Chile in recent years. The country has experienced waves of protests, demonstrations, and civil unrest since 2019, with the capital, Santiago, often acting as the epicenter of these demonstrations.

Crime in Chile

Street crime, such as muggings, pickpocketing, purse snatching, and theft, is common in Chile, particularly in larger cities like Santiago, Valparaiso, and San Pedro de Atacama. Criminals frequently work in pairs or groups, employing distraction techniques to target victims, especially in tourist areas. Violent crime, including assaults, homicide, carjackings, and residential break-ins, is also on the rise. Criminals have been known to drug their victims, and tourists have been attacked even during the daytime. Credit card fraud, telephone scams, and ATM fraud are also prevalent.

Civil Unrest in Chile

Chile has witnessed a series of massive demonstrations and severe riots, known as the "Estallido Social" or "social outburst," which began in Santiago and spread to other regions. These protests were sparked by a range of issues, including increases in public transportation costs, inequality, the cost of living, unemployment, privatisation, and a probity crisis. The protests turned violent, with vandalism, arson, and clashes with security forces. Human rights violations were committed by security forces, including eye mutilation, torture, sexual abuse, and sexual assault.

The government responded to the initial protests in October 2019 by declaring a state of emergency, deploying the military, and imposing curfews. However, the protests continued, and in November 2019, the government agreed to hold a national referendum to rewrite the constitution. The proposed new constitution was rejected in a vote in October 2020, prolonging the constitutional process.

The scale of the protests diminished with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of lockdowns and social distancing measures. However, demonstrations and civil unrest have continued to occur, albeit on a smaller scale, with protesters demanding the liberation of the "Prisoners of the Revolt."

Amnesty International has documented human rights violations and excessive use of force by security forces during the protests, calling for reforms to Chile's national police force, the Carabineros. The organization has noted a lack of comprehensive reparations for victims and a continuing culture of impunity within the country.

Demonstrations and civil unrest in Santiago

The civil unrest in Santiago dates back to October 2019, when protests against a raise in public transportation costs sparked widespread demonstrations and severe riots. The protests were initiated by secondary school students who coordinated a fare evasion campaign, leading to confrontations with the national police force. The situation escalated on October 18, 2019, when a group of people vandalized Santiago's infrastructure, including the metro network, and the President of Chile, Sebastián Piñera, announced a state of emergency. The protests expanded to other Chilean cities, and a curfew was imposed in the Greater Santiago area.

Since then, Santiago has continued to experience demonstrations and civil unrest. On October 17, 2023, the U.S. Embassy in Chile issued a demonstration alert, warning of the possibility of protests due to the anniversary of the "Estallido Social" protests on October 18. Prior protests in Santiago have been characterized by their spontaneous and mobile nature, with incidents of violence. The U.S. Embassy advised American citizens to monitor local media for updates, avoid crowds and areas with demonstrations, be aware of their surroundings, and carry proper identification.

To ensure their safety, U.S. citizens travelling to or residing in Santiago, Chile, should follow the recommendations provided by the U.S. Department of State and the U.S. Embassy. It is important to stay informed about potential demonstrations and civil unrest, avoid areas where protests are taking place, and follow the instructions of local authorities. Additionally, it is crucial to review travel advisories and alerts issued by official sources before travelling to Santiago or any other destination.

Safety precautions for tourists in Chile

Chile is a beautiful country with a plethora of ecosystems, delicious and inexpensive food, and hospitable locals. However, there are some safety precautions that tourists should be aware of before visiting. Here are some detailed instructions to ensure tourists have a safe and enjoyable trip to Chile:

Protests and Civil Unrest

While the situation has improved since the 2019-2021 protests, civil unrest and demonstrations still occur in Santiago and other Chilean cities. These protests can happen with little or no notice and may result in transportation disruptions and confrontations with police. It is best to avoid demonstrations and follow the instructions of local authorities to stay safe.

Petty Theft and Scams

Petty crimes such as pickpocketing, purse snatching, and thefts from vehicles are common in Chile, especially in larger cities like Santiago and Valparaiso. Be vigilant and keep your belongings secure at all times. Be wary of strangers approaching you, as they may attempt to distract and rob you. Avoid carrying large amounts of cash or displaying signs of wealth.

Violent Crimes

Rates of violent crimes such as assaults, homicides, carjackings, and muggings are increasing in Chile. Criminals may work in teams, with one person distracting you while another steals your belongings. Be aware of your surroundings, especially in tourist areas and near official buildings. If you are threatened, it is best to hand over your valuables without resistance.

Transportation

When using taxis, book them in advance or use regulated taxis with orange or yellow license plates. Avoid unlicensed taxi drivers, as there have been reports of tourists being scammed and robbed. When using public transportation, keep your belongings secure at all times, as thefts are common.

Natural Disasters

Chile is prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, wildfires, landslides, tsunamis, floods, and volcanic eruptions. Stay informed about potential disasters and follow the instructions of local authorities and emergency services. Have a plan and keep emergency supplies accessible.

Health and Safety

Medical care in Chile is generally good, but it may not meet the standards of your home country, especially in remote areas. Make sure you have adequate travel insurance that covers medical evacuation and hospital stays. Be aware of potential health risks such as traveller's diarrhea and insect-borne diseases.

Adventure Activities

If you plan on any adventure tourism, such as hiking or outdoor sports, always go with a reputable company and guide. Obtain detailed information about the activity and the environment beforehand, and ensure you are physically prepared for the challenges. Stay on marked trails and bring the necessary equipment, including sufficient water.

Natural disasters and climate in Chile

Chile is highly vulnerable to natural disasters due to its location along the Pacific Ring of Fire, which is an area of intense seismic activity and volcanic eruptions. The country is prone to earthquakes, volcanic activity, tsunamis, wildfires, floods, landslides, and droughts.

Earthquakes and Tsunamis

Chile is one of the most earthquake-prone countries globally, with the 2010 earthquake being the second strongest in the country's history and the sixth strongest worldwide. The 2010 earthquake had a magnitude of 8.8 and released 500 times more energy than the Haitian disaster. In April 2014, a powerful 8.2-magnitude earthquake struck near Chile's northern coast, triggering a tsunami and strong aftershocks. Chile's early detection systems and disaster response preparations successfully evacuated nearly 1 million people.

Volcanic Activity

Chile has 500 active volcanoes. Volcanic eruptions can cause ash clouds that disrupt domestic and international flights. Additionally, debris from eruptions can clog rivers, leading to flash floods and landslides.

Wildfires

Wildfires are a frequent occurrence in Chile, with the most devastating emergency recorded in January 2017, affecting an estimated 1 million acres of vegetation.

Floods and Landslides

Flooding is common during fall and winter, especially between May and August, due to heavy rains and overloaded sewage systems. Flooding can disrupt overland travel and essential services, making roads impassable and damaging bridges. Landslides can also occur due to overflowing rivers.

Droughts

Chile has experienced several droughts, including a prolonged drought between 2008 and 2015 that affected much of the southern and central regions. Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of droughts, posing risks to electricity generation, agriculture, and public health.

Medical care in Chile

Public vs Private Healthcare

Chile operates a mixed system that combines both public and private healthcare. The public system is called Fondo Nacional de Salud (FONASA) and is funded by taxes, providing free or subsidised care for those who cannot afford private health insurance. Chilean nationals and residents have access to this public healthcare, but state hospitals can be crowded with long waiting times, so many residents opt for private cover.

The private system is composed of various insurance providers (ISAPRE) and healthcare facilities, which offer more extensive services to those who can afford to pay. However, treatment at private clinics and hospitals is expensive.

How to Access Healthcare in Chile

All workers and pensioners in Chile are required to pay 7% of their income for health insurance, with the exception of the poorest pensioners who are exempt from this payment. Workers who choose not to join an ISAPRE are covered by FONASA.

To obtain medical insurance in Chile, you will need a Chilean ID number (the RUT/RUN). Private insurance companies will grant you a temporary number, but you cannot enrol in the public healthcare system without a Chilean ID. If you do not have an ID, you can still have access to emergency services as a tourist, and you will be able to claim the money back if you have travel insurance.

Choosing a Healthcare Provider

There are 13 ISAPREs on the market, but some are "closed", meaning you cannot register with them as they only work with specific companies. The ISAPRE you can subscribe to include:

• Colmena
• Golden Cross
• Consalud
• Cruz Blanca
• Banmédica
• Vida Tres
• Masvida
• Nueva Masvida

The public and private systems both have emergency facilities, and these will attend to your needs in urgent situations.

Important Distinctions

• A 'Hospital' is publicly funded.
• A 'Clinica' is a private medical institution, often with better-quality services.

The Explicit Guarantee System (AUGE)

The Explicit Guarantee System (Acceso Universal con Garantías Explícitas, or AUGE) provides several guarantees for 56 health problems for the insured. It outlines clinical guidelines and sets a maximum cap for out-of-pocket expenses and designated waiting times, beyond which private providers become an option.

Healthcare in Santiago

Santiago has one private hospital accredited by The American Hospital Association: Clinica Alemana. Medical services and facilities are widely available in Santiago, but can be very limited in remote areas. Santiago also has one of the highest pollution levels in South America, and heavy smog can pose serious health hazards from May through October.

Frequently asked questions