Welcoming Foreign Visitors: Strategies For Us Hospitality

The United States is a popular travel destination, with its passport ranked 8th in terms of travel freedom. Canadians can usually stay in the US for up to six months without a visa, while citizens of countries in the Visa Waiver Program can stay for up to 90 days. Other visitors may need to apply for a visa, either online or at a US embassy or consulate. All visitors must present a valid passport and complete the CBP Declaration Form 6059B. US border agents have the right to search travellers' electronic devices and may seize devices if travellers refuse. Visitors should also be aware of the different laws in each state, as well as the potential for natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and wildfires.

Visa requirements and exemptions

The United States has two categories of visas: immigrant and nonimmigrant. Immigrant visas are issued to foreign nationals who intend to live permanently in the US. Nonimmigrant visas are for foreign nationals who wish to enter the country on a temporary basis, for tourism, medical treatment, business, temporary work, study, or other similar reasons.

Visa Waiver Program (VWP)

The Visa Waiver Program permits citizens of 41 countries to travel to the US for business or tourism for up to 90 days without a visa. The program is administered by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in consultation with the State Department. In return, these countries must permit US citizens and nationals to travel to their countries for a similar length of time without a visa for business or tourism purposes. The 42 countries currently participating in the VWP include the United Kingdom, the Czech Republic, Korea, and Liechtenstein.

To be eligible for the VWP, travellers must:

• Possess a round-trip ticket that will transport them out of the US to any other foreign port or place.
• Arrive on a designated carrier that is a signatory to a Visa Waiver Program Agreement, if applicable.
• Have a machine-readable passport valid for 6 months beyond the period of intended stay, or essentially 9 months (90 days + 6 months).
• Complete an Arrival/Departure Form I-94W.

In addition, VWP visitors may not:

• File an application to change status to an immigrant or another nonimmigrant classification.
• Extend their stay beyond the 90-day timeframe.
• VWP applicants waive their right to proceedings before an Immigration Judge, unless they make an asylum application.

Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA)

The Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) is an automated system that determines the eligibility of visitors to travel to the US under the VWP. While authorization via ESTA does not determine whether a traveller is admissible to the US, it is recommended that travellers apply as soon as they begin preparing travel plans or before purchasing airline tickets.

Travel safety and security

The United States is a large country with a diverse range of geographical features and climates, so it is important to be aware of the different safety and security issues that may arise during your visit. Here are some key considerations for travel safety and security when visiting the United States as a foreign traveller:

Research and Planning:

Before your trip, it is important to research your specific destination(s) within the United States. Check for any relevant travel advisories and alerts, and follow the advice of local authorities. The US Department of Homeland Security and the Federal Aviation Administration are good sources for current security information. Additionally, be aware of any natural disasters or extreme weather that may impact your travel plans, such as hurricanes, snowstorms, earthquakes, tornadoes, volcanic activity, or wildfires.

Documents and Insurance:

Ensure your passport is up-to-date and valid for travel, and always carry it with you when travelling within the US. It is also recommended to make two copies of your travel documents, leaving one set with a trusted contact. Research the specific visa requirements for your country of origin and apply accordingly. Obtain appropriate travel insurance that covers your itinerary, planned activities, and any potential emergency expenses.

Personal Safety:

Violent crime and gun crime are not common among tourists, but it is important to take standard safety precautions. Avoid walking alone at night or in unfamiliar areas, and stay vigilant of your surroundings at all times. Keep yourself informed about the local area by following local media reports and law enforcement websites. Protests are common and can turn violent, so follow the instructions of local authorities and move away if you encounter any signs of trouble.

Transportation:

When using transportation networks, be aware of your belongings at all times, especially at airports, train stations, and other transportation hubs. Do not leave passports or valuables in rental cars, especially in the boot, as this could make you a target for gangs. When driving, always check weather conditions before embarking on long journeys, especially in remote or isolated areas where services may be limited. Use well-lit, busy car parks, and avoid sleeping in your car by the road or in rest areas.

Laws and Cultural Differences:

Be aware that laws can vary between states in the US, and ensure you understand both the state and federal laws. The legal drinking age for purchasing and consuming alcohol is 21 in most states, with some variations, so check the specific laws for your destination. Possession or trafficking of illegal drugs carries severe penalties, including long prison sentences and fines. Attitudes towards LGBT+ individuals can differ significantly across the country, so research your destination in advance to be aware of any potential issues.

Health and Medical Emergencies:

The quality and availability of medical services can vary depending on your location within the United States. In the event of a medical emergency, contact the nearest US embassy or consulate for assistance. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also provides health advice for travellers.

Remember, while these tips provide a general guide to travel safety and security in the United States, it is always important to stay informed and follow the advice of local authorities and government agencies.

Border crossing procedures

• International travelers must possess the required documents necessary for entering the United States. These documents may include a valid passport, visa (if required), and any other relevant paperwork depending on the purpose of the visit (e.g., work, study, business, or immigration).
• The US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is responsible for screening both foreign visitors and returning US citizens. They employ a range of techniques to ensure safe and secure global tourism.
• CBP has implemented facial biometrics as part of the entry and exit processes at international airports.
• Foreign travelers can benefit from CBP's Trusted Traveler Programs, which provide expedited travel for pre-approved, low-risk travelers through dedicated lanes and kiosks. These programs include Global Entry, NEXUS, SENTRI, and TSA PreCheck®.
• Global Entry offers expedited screening and processing for pre-screened international travelers entering the United States. It is available at major US airports.
• NEXUS provides expedited travel via land, air, or sea for approved members traveling between the US and Canada borders.
• SENTRI facilitates expedited travel for approved members crossing the US and Mexico border.
• TSA PreCheck® reduces wait times during the TSA screening process.
• For land border crossings, having a Ready Lane-eligible document significantly speeds up the processing time.
• The CBP One™ Mobile Application is a useful tool that provides a single portal for multiple CBP services, streamlining the overall travel experience.
• It is important to be aware of any travel advisories, restrictions, or requirements before planning a trip to the United States. For instance, as of June 5, 2024, there were stricter immigration enforcement and asylum procedures in place at the southern border due to high encounter numbers.

Health and vaccination requirements

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has specified health and vaccination requirements for foreign travellers wishing to enter the United States. These requirements have been updated over time, especially in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. As of May 2023, the US no longer requires proof of COVID-19 vaccination for international travellers and federal workers. However, the CDC recommends that individuals do not travel internationally unless they are fully vaccinated.

COVID-19 Vaccination Requirements:

Previously, foreign travellers were required to be fully vaccinated against COVID-19 to enter the United States. This mandate was lifted on May 11, 2023, coinciding with the end of the COVID-19 national emergency. However, the CDC still recommends that travellers be fully vaccinated for their own safety.

COVID-19 Testing Requirements:

Even though the vaccination requirement has been lifted, COVID-19 testing is still advised before travelling to the United States. The CDC recommends that all travellers, regardless of vaccination status, get tested with a viral test 3 days before their flight to the US departs and present a negative result.

Other Vaccination Requirements:

In addition to COVID-19 considerations, travellers should be aware of other vaccination requirements for entering the United States. Some countries may require travellers to carry an International Certificate of Vaccination, also known as a Yellow Card. This document serves as proof of vaccination for certain diseases. It is important to check the specific requirements for your country of origin and your destination within the United States. The CDC recommends reviewing their webpage on "Choosing a Drug to Prevent Malaria" and checking country-specific information for further details.

Medical Exemptions:

There are some exemptions to the COVID-19 vaccination requirement for foreign travellers. Those who participated in COVID-19 clinical trials, had severe allergic reactions to the vaccines, or are from a country where COVID-19 vaccines are not widely available may be exempt. This includes citizens of about 50 countries, who can enter the US with a government letter authorising travel for essential reasons. However, religious exemptions are not accepted.

Prescription Medications:

When travelling with prescription medications, it is important to check with the foreign embassy of the country you are visiting or passing through. Some medications, especially those containing medical marijuana, may be prohibited. Additionally, some countries require an import license or permit for certain medications. It is recommended to bring enough medication for your trip, and if possible, a few extra days' worth in case of delays. Keeping medications in their original, labelled containers is also advised.

Driving and road safety

Driving in a foreign country can be challenging, especially in a country like the United States, where road and traffic rules vary from state to state. Here are some essential driving and road safety tips for foreign travellers to the United States:

Driving Licence and Permits:

Before embarking on your trip, it is crucial to ensure that you have the necessary documentation. Most US states permit driving with a foreign driver's licence for a short duration, typically up to six months from the date of entry into the country. However, some states, like New York, California, and Georgia, have unique regulations. For instance, in New York, a foreign licence is valid for up to 12 months, while in California, tourists can drive with their foreign licence for their entire stay.

If you plan to stay in the US for an extended period or apply for temporary residency, it is advisable to obtain a state-issued driving licence. This process involves determining your eligibility, gathering the required documents (such as proof of identity, Social Security Number, and residency), passing vision and written tests, and completing a driving skills test. The cost of obtaining a US driving licence varies depending on the state.

Additionally, an International Driving Permit (IDP) may be required in certain states. The IDP serves as an official translation of your national driver's licence and facilitates understanding your driving credentials by local authorities. It is essential to obtain the IDP from your home country before travelling to the US, as US government agencies do not issue them.

Insurance:

Valid insurance is mandatory in most US states. It is important to note that your US auto insurance policy may not cover you abroad. Therefore, it is advisable to check with your insurance company before renting or driving a vehicle in the US. Rental companies may offer car insurance, but the coverage may be minimal. Consider purchasing additional insurance to ensure adequate protection.

Road Rules and Safety:

The United States is a right-hand driving country, and traffic flows on the right side of the road. Familiarize yourself with traffic signs and symbols, as roadway signs in the US often use symbols instead of words. Know the speed limits, which can vary depending on the area, with residential areas typically having lower speed limits compared to highways and roads with light traffic.

When driving on a freeway or highway, stay in the right lane unless passing another vehicle. Be mindful of local parking regulations to avoid fines, especially in urban areas. Always wear your seatbelt, and never drive under the influence of alcohol. Keep an emergency kit in your vehicle, including a first aid kit and a flashlight, and be prepared for varying weather conditions.

Local Laws and Planning:

Each state in the US has unique laws and driving culture. Research the specific driving rules and regulations of the states you plan to visit. Check for potential hazards, dangerous road conditions, and local emergency numbers. Be mindful of local crime statistics, particularly in urban areas, and avoid leaving valuables unattended in parked cars.

Frequently asked questions